Daniel Ngô

Intranasal delivery bypasses digestive degradation that limits oral GLP-1 bioavailability.

Patent count alone cannot predict whether a university nanoparticle platform is defensible.

Inhaled peptides face barriers that make systemic delivery harder than lung anatomy suggests.

Three strategies overcome the gut barriers that keep peptide drugs injectable.

Nasal nanoparticles could deliver GLP-1 to the brain more safely.

Oral GLP-1s work around fundamental biology by accepting near-total losses at the gut barrier.

The drugs' real power lies in tissue-specific effects that exist independent of weight loss.